Solar sails are the only method of spacecraft propulsion in which no fuel is needed. Until recently spacecraft powered by solar sails were the stuff of science fiction. However, following the success of the Japanese spacecraft IKAROS in 2010 the crowd-funded Light Sail 2 spacecraft in 2019 and NASA's ACS3 in 2024, spacecraft powered by… Continue reading Solar Sails: Fuel-Free Space Travel
Update 21 September 2025 As this is a changing area, I have replaced this post from 2021 with a revised and updated one. This is available at https://explainingscience.org/2025/09/21/solar-sails-fuel-free-space-travel/ I have also created a video which goes into solar sails in much more detail https://youtu.be/PcwASDdNQxk
Updated June 2026 In this post I’ll talk about the history of the International Space Station (ISS) and some of the other space stations which have been constucted over the years. I’ll also touch on some of the politics involved. The International Space Station Image from NASA The First Space Stations Although America was the… Continue reading Salyut to the ISS: A Journey Through Space Stations
In my previous post I talked about two significant successes for the Soviet Union in 1957: the first artificial satellite in orbit in October and the first living creature, a dog named Laika, in orbit in November. In December of that year the Americans had a humiliating failure when the Vanguard spacecraft exploded in a… Continue reading The early days of the space race
Like millions over people I was cheered to see that the probe Philae landed successfully on the 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko comet after a 6.4 billion km ten year journey. In a mission this complex there will inevitably be a few hiccups and the biggest one so far has been that the probe has been unable to secure itself to… Continue reading Philae has landed
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