Schiaparelli’s landing on Mars

The Schiaparelli spacecraft on Mars

The Schiaparelli Spacecraft tragically failed to land on Mars, crashing at 300 km/h. Launched on March 14, 2016, with the ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter, it aimed to study Martian surface conditions. It only planned to be operational for a week because it lacked solar panels, relying solely on a non-rechargeable battery.

The Three Phases of Twilight Explained

Updated 10 January 2026 Watching the Sun set below the horizon and the sky gradually get darker and darker is an almost magical experience.  Twilight is that time of the day, just after sunset, or just before sunrise when the Sun is below the horizon but the sky is not completely dark. It is valued by… Continue reading The Three Phases of Twilight Explained

How the Cosmic Microwave Background Changed Our Understanding of the Universe

Map of the Cosmic Microwave Background from the ESA Planck Satellite

Updated 4 February 2026 As The accidental discovery of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) by Penzias and Wilson in 1964 proved to be one of the greatest scientific discoveries of the early twentieth century and since then has made a huge contribution to our understanding of the Universe. One of the first things it achieved… Continue reading How the Cosmic Microwave Background Changed Our Understanding of the Universe

The Discovery of the Cosmic Microwave Background

Revised 1 February 2026 In 1964 two young American radio astronomers, Arno Penzias and Robert Wilson, made an accidental finding which would win them both the Nobel prize and turned out to be one of the greatest scientific discoveries of the twentieth century. The story started when Penzias and Wilson were given observing time on a large radio telescope at… Continue reading The Discovery of the Cosmic Microwave Background

The Perseids

Forย  revised post containing more tips on how to view the Perseids see The Perseids 2021. On 12 August you may be lucky enough - if it's a clear night and you are somewhere without too much light pollution - to see a phenomenon called the Perseids, which is a meteor shower which appears at… Continue reading The Perseids